Our Methodology

The Science Behind
Aurora Score

We combine satellite-measured darkness data, real-time weather analytics, and community-verified conditions to rate every aurora viewing location on a 0-100 scale.

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I

Darkness Matters

Light pollution is the #1 enemy of aurora visibility

The Bortle Dark-Sky Scale (1-9) measures how dark the night sky is at a given location. A Class 1 site is a truly pristine dark sky where the zodiacal light and gegenschein are visible. A Class 9 site is a brightly-lit inner city where only the Moon, planets, and a few stars can be seen.

We determine each location's Bortle class using VIIRS satellite night-time radiance data from NASA's Suomi NPP satellite. This gives us objective, globally consistent measurements of artificial light at night — updated annually.

satellite_alt VIIRS Satellite dark_mode Bortle Scale update Updated Annually

Darkness Scoring

Bortle 1-2 (Excellent / Truly Dark)+40 pts
Bortle 3-4 (Rural)+20 pts
Bortle 5-6 (Suburban)+10 pts
Bortle 7-9 (Urban)+0 pts

bar_chart The Bortle Scale

Class 1 — Excellent Dark
1
+40
Class 2 — Truly Dark
2
+40
Class 3 — Rural Sky
3
+20
Class 4 — Rural/Suburban
4
+20
Class 5 — Suburban Sky
5
+10
Class 6 — Bright Suburban
6
+10
Class 7 — Suburban/Urban
7
+0
Class 8 — City Sky
8
+0
Class 9 — Inner City
9
+0

Bar width = relative sky darkness. Points = bonus added to Aurora Score.

II

Clear Skies Required

Even the darkest location is useless under clouds

Aurora borealis happens 100+ km above Earth's surface, but clouds at 1-10 km altitude can block the view entirely. We analyze historical cloud cover data to identify locations with the best odds of clear skies during peak aurora season (September-March).

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FMI Historical Data

The Finnish Meteorological Institute (Ilmatieteen laitos) provides decades of climate records. We use their historical cloud cover statistics as our baseline for regional cloud patterns.

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Open-Meteo API

For each hotel location, we fetch 10 years of monthly cloud cover averages via the Open-Meteo Historical Weather API. This gives us precise, coordinate-level data rather than regional estimates.

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Scoring Logic

We focus on February cloud cover as the key metric — the peak aurora season month with the longest dark hours. Locations averaging below 40% cloud cover earn a +10 point bonus to their Aurora Score.

Cloud Cover Bonus

< 40% = +10 pts

III

The Aurora Score Formula

Four components, one definitive rating

Maximum Possible Score: 100 Points

50 Base
+40 Darkness
+10
+10
Base Score (50)
Darkness Bonus (up to 40)
Cloud Bonus (10)
North Facing (10)
50

Base Score

Every location starts at 50 points — within the Aurora Oval zone.

dark_mode

Darkness Bonus +0 to +40

Based on VIIRS-measured Bortle class. Darker = higher bonus.

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Clear Sky Bonus +10

Awarded when February average cloud cover is below 40%.

north

North-Facing Bonus +10

Accommodation with unobstructed northern horizon for aurora viewing.

80+

Excellent

Pristine dark sky, clear conditions, optimal orientation. Best-in-class.

60-79

Good

Good dark skies with some compromises. Great for most aurora hunters.

<60

Poor

Significant light pollution or cloud cover. Aurora may only be visible during strong storms.

IV

Human Verification

Data-driven, community-verified

Satellite data and weather APIs give us a strong foundation, but nothing replaces boots on the ground. Every listing on AuroraRadar goes through human verification before being published.

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Local Partners

We partner directly with Lapland hotels and wilderness lodges. Each property confirms their coordinates, north-facing facilities, and aurora alert services.

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Aurora Reports

Community-submitted aurora sightings and photographs help us validate that specific locations deliver on their dark-sky promise. Real observations confirm our satellite data.

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Continuous Updates

Aurora Scores are recalculated monthly. Weather data refreshes automatically, and Bortle classes update when new VIIRS data is released. No stale ratings.

touch_app Interactive

Experience the Bortle Scale

Drag the slider to see how the night sky changes from a pristine Class 1 dark site to an inner-city Class 9 location. Watch the stars disappear and light pollution take over.

Class 1 — Pristine Class 9 — City

Class 3

Rural Sky

Score Bonus

+20

Ready to Find Your Perfect Dark Sky?

Browse our curated collection of aurora-optimized accommodations, each scored using the methodology you just learned about.